Many peo­ple equate good com­mu­ni­ca­tion skills with the abil­ity to speak well and lis­ten well. This assump­tion misses one essen­tial com­po­nent: two-way com­mu­ni­ca­tion skills.

Pri­mar­ily writ­ten for men­tors, this advice on good two-way com­mu­ni­ca­tion is par­tic­u­larly use­ful for all. I espe­cially like the Traf­fic Light Rule of communication:

Dur­ing the first 30 sec­onds of an utter­ance, your light is green. That means your pro­tégé is lis­ten­ing and not think­ing you talk too much. Dur­ing the next 30 sec­onds, your light is yel­low. That means the risk is increas­ing that your lis­tener is bored, over­whelmed, or dying to respond. After the one-minute mark, your light is red. Yes, occa­sion­ally, you can go beyond a minute, for exam­ple, when telling an inter­est­ing story, but gen­er­ally you should stop or ask a question.